STK Music Blog

Creating and using runs

183:814239747 (Sean Kelly) — Tue, 01 Feb 2022 11:17:24 GMT

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Runs are a great way of injecting a bit of flare into your soloing. A long, fast run can be ear-catching and can make for a great climactic moment in a solo.

Here are a few of my favourites:

Dire Straits - Calling Elvis (02:15)

Here's a descending run down the blues scale as a bold opening lick to his first solo.

Manic Street Preachers - Slash 'n' Burn (02:55)

Here we have an ascending run, mixing chromatic notes into the E blues scale which builds tension into the last chorus of the song. Note that this song was recorded in Eb tuning.

17 Girls in a Row - Steel Panther (02:25)

This one is a stuttering descending pentatonic run to bring the solo to a close. This song is also in Eb tuning and comes with a content warning!

So, how do you construct a run, and how do you get it fast?

As always, the key to speed is practising slowly, building up speed gradually, and focusing on accuracy, but we can achieve some speed a bit more easily if the run we work on has a repetitive pattern.

Have a look at this run...

... you'll notice that it descends 4 notes down the minor pentatonic scale, then goes back up one note and then repeats the same pattern on the next 2 strings. If you know your minor pentatonic scale well, then this 4 note pattern should be easily repeatable. Read it backwards and replace the pull-offs with hammer on's for an ascending run.

Here's another run using the same idea, but this time it's a six note pattern played in triplets...

This one descends three strings, then back up one string and repeats.

Get these first two patterns done before PART 2, where we'll look at some more complex patterns and some other uses for these patterns.

Enjoy!

Common Mistakes For Beginner Guitarists (Part 2)

183:814239747 (Sean Kelly) — Mon, 10 Jan 2022 19:14:20 GMT

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Get your fingers RIGHT BEHIND the frets they're supposed to be fretting!

This is another common mistake I see from beginner guitar players; aiming their fingers for the middle of the fret they're looking to hold down. This is understandable, but not ideal.

The purpose of holding a string down is to change the length of the string to alter its pitch. We do that by holding the string against the fret wire. If you aim for the middle of the fret rather than right behind the fret, there is more chance of the string buzzing or the note choking out.

On some guitars it will also be more difficult to hold the string down further from the fret, meaning you have to press down harder, which will cause your fingers to hurt and/or get tired quicker. The harder you're holding a chord down, the more tension there will be in your hand and this will also hamper your chord changes.

Steely Dan – Kid Charlemagne solo analysis.

183:814239747 (Sean Kelly) — Tue, 04 Jan 2022 19:33:15 GMT

This post comes with a dense music theory warning.

I recently rediscovered a transcription of Larry Carlton’s solo from Steely Dan’s ‘Kid Charlemagne’ in an old university text book, and remembering how fun it was the first time around, set about relearning it. Carlton’s note choice is a brilliant blend of ‘inside’ and ‘outside’ playing. Here I’ve broken down what’s going on harmonically, bar by bar. It’s a little dense, more than a little geeky, but important! Hopefully you can incorporate some of his ideas into your own solos. Here’s my own effort…

… a backing track to try it yourself (8 hits and in)…

… the transcription…

… and my annotation … NB – For the most part, we’re in A minor here.

Bar 1 The solo opens with a lick based around bending up to E, this is the 9th of Dm7 – the chord underneath – outlining a minor 9th chord, something which becomes a theme over minor chords as the solo builds.

Bars 2-4 Bars 2-3 are comprised of a II-V-I in Am. The tension builds in the harmony with the dissonant II and V chords, over which Carlton holds a common chord tone – D being the b3 of Bm7b5 and the b7th of E7 – before resolving to Am, where Carlton plays a run up the 2nd shape of the A minor pentatonic scale, landing on a C on beat 2 of bar 4 – the 5th of the Fmaj7 chord underneath.

Bar 5-6 This bar sets up a brief modulation to Em via its V chord – B7. Carlton outlines the change, ascending the D minor pentatonic scale over the Dm7, before sliding into D# – the 3rd of B7 – and bouncing back and forth between D# and F# at the top of what would be the C-shaped B7 arpeggio ( shown below).

That transition lick leads straight into a bend from F# to G – the 9th and 3rd of Em7 – before lingering on the minor 9th as he did in bar 1. The rest of this lick is based in the E Aeolian shape (shown below).

Bars 7-8 Here we have a cool little lick in the D Mixolydian shape in bar 7 before a C major 9 arpeggio in bar 8.

Bar 9 This one’s really fun – the first eight notes ascend an Em7 arpeggio before then descending a D major arpeggio in the same position as bar 7.

Bars 10-11 Here Carlton lingers around the minor 9 again – flipping to and from the B on the 7th fret of the e-string over the A minor, before sliding up into a G major arpeggio, into which he adds the 13th (E on the 9th fret of the g-string) for a bit of colour.

Bar 12-13 These are probably the two most technical licks in the passage. The first, over Fmaj7, ascends the A minor pentatonic from G to E whilst alternately bouncing off a pedal note of E. This is tricky to pick. My recommendation, should you need it, is to alternate pick it, with the recurring 9th fret of the G string on the up strokes and the ascending line on the down strokes.

Bar 13 contains plenty of action. The harmony features a Bb7 which comes from a tritone substitution of Am’s natural V chord – E7 – so it’s the perfect place for adding some tension. The first three notes of the bar are the root, 9th and 7th of Bb7, but following these is a descending C major arpeggio, superimposed over Bb7. This gives us the 9th, 13th and #11, from the Bb lydian dominant scale. This peachy lick is rounded off with a short chromatic run down from the 9th to the root via the b9, jazztastic!

Incorporating melodic minor sounds can be pretty confusing; a shortcut I’ve learned from this lick, is to play a major triad a tone up from a dominant chord to get the Lydian Dominant sound.

Bar 14 is two straight forward major arpeggios over F and G, with a slide from a leading note at the start of each. Both these arpeggios come from the same C-shaped major arpeggio.

Bar 15-16 Here Carlton continues his theme of hitting the 9th over every minor chord, bending up from the 10th fret to a B over Am. In bar 16, a four-note phrase is played twice, the final and longest note in the phrase is E which functions firstly has a minor 9th over Dm7, and then as a major 7th over Fmaj7.

Bar 17 The final flurry starts at the end of bar 16, and is a run up the E blues scale into an F major 9 arpeggio with a chromatic passing note between the 9th and 3rd – frets 8, 9 and 10 on the B-string. This run ends on a Bb – the 7th of the C7#9 vamp the passage ends on.

Conclusions

- Hitting a 9th will jazz up any minor chord, extra points for bending up to it.

- A simple way to get the Lydian dominant sound is to play a major triad a tone up from the dom7 chord you’re playing over. A nice trick is to play the triad of the chord you’re playing over, then shift it up a tone, and then back down again – a trick I call ‘the old in-out-in’.

– Add 9th and 13ths to major arpeggios over dominant chords – as in bars 7 and 11.

– Larry Carlton is awesome. Apparently this was only his second take at this solo. I'd love to hear the other one!

Common Mistakes for Beginner Guitarists (Part 1)

183:814239747 (Sean Kelly) — Tue, 04 Jan 2022 15:33:03 GMT

Common mistakes I see as a guitar teacher.

I've been teaching guitar for a decade now - wow, I feel old! Over those years I've taught people of varying abilities at different stages in their musical education and I've spotted some patterns.

I thought I'd start putting a few of these common mistakes I see among my students up here, as they will certainly give a few budding guitarists something to think about.

This first mistake is something that I remind students of every single day that I teach. It's such a simple correction to make and it has a huge effect on how your playing sounds:

Not muting the low E-string on chords where it shouldn't be ringing out.

So you've put in the hours to learn your chord shapes. You've painstakingly worked on changing from one chord to the next and you've got your strumming pattern nailed... and then, after all this work and effort, you've not muted the low E-string on certain chords which results in putting a wrong note in the bass register of pretty much every chord you play!

If the chord name doesn't include an E (eg Em, E7, E) or an /E (eg C/E, D/E) then the low E-string doesn't belong in the chord . The lowest note in the chord is arguably the most important, as the bass note puts all of the other notes in context. So, letting our low E-string ring out over other chords is going to create a low drone which will affect the clarity of the intended bass movement and muddy the overall sound of our chord progression.

How to fix it:

1: Be more accurate with your strumming hand. Try your best to only strum 5 strings for an A chord, 4 strings for a D chord ect.

2: Mute the low E-string so that even if you do catch it, no note sounds out. You can do this with your thumb over the top of the neck, or with a finger which is fretting another note. See the pictures below for examples.

Thumb over the top

Here you can see me gently resting my thumb on the low E-string so that it won't ring out if I strum it. This ensures that the lowest note heard in my Am chord is an A. It's important not to use too much pressure with your thumb - you don't want to end up fretting a note as this will recreate the problem we're trying to fix but with a different note!

Using a fretting finger

In this example you can see that I'm using my ring finger to mute the low E-string as well as doing it's usual job of fretting the A-string for a C major chord.

This takes a bit of getting use to and bigger hands/broader fingers are definitely an advantage for this technique. If your hands are on the daintier end of the spectrum - like mine! - then you might prefer resting your thumb instead.